Here'sthe power-point about the different parts of the root. At the end of the powerpoint is the rubric that you'll be graded on and the instructions for the assignment.
Have a great weekend & I'll see you Monday!
Miss G
Pan American Anatomy
Friday, March 1, 2013
Tuesday, February 12, 2013
2/12/2014
This day was about learning the theory of endosymbiosis and the parts of a chloroplast. To watch a video of the lecture click here.
Monday, February 11, 2013
Test Reviews
Hey! Thanks for coming to the blog to check out the study materials :) You're definitely going to benefit from the extra time you're putting into your education!
I know botany can seem hard/confusing but it's going to have a great benefit on you in the long run because you will be so much better prepared to go into any science major in college!
You're probably here because you want to redo one or both of the tests we've done so far. Right below you'll find links to the reviews for the first two tests and the first botany test we took so you can use it to study.
I will not be changing the essay questions so if you study those then you're guaranteed to do well on that part. The multiple choice might change slightly but it won't be anything too crazy - I want you to succeed!!
Unit One Review
Unit Two Review
Unit One Test
Leave a comment to let me know you were here! Have a great time studying and remember that I am SUPER proud of you for putting in the extra effort!
- Miss G
I know botany can seem hard/confusing but it's going to have a great benefit on you in the long run because you will be so much better prepared to go into any science major in college!
You're probably here because you want to redo one or both of the tests we've done so far. Right below you'll find links to the reviews for the first two tests and the first botany test we took so you can use it to study.
I will not be changing the essay questions so if you study those then you're guaranteed to do well on that part. The multiple choice might change slightly but it won't be anything too crazy - I want you to succeed!!
Unit One Review
Unit Two Review
Unit One Test
Leave a comment to let me know you were here! Have a great time studying and remember that I am SUPER proud of you for putting in the extra effort!
- Miss G
Thursday, January 31, 2013
Fern Life Cycle
Here is a video detailing the life cycle of a fern and how it is haploid and diploid.
http://www.showme.com/sh/?h= MK6YI1g
http://www.showme.com/sh/?h=
Tuesday, October 23, 2012
Sliding Filament Theory
Do Now:
1. What is the difference between
actin and myosin?
2. Explain how a muscle feels when
it contracts. Then draw a picture of what you believe a muscle looks like
before and after contraction.
How A Muscle
Contracts:
A True Story…
Today’s
Objective: SWBAT explain the process of a muscle cell contraction including
sliding filament theory.
4 Steps of a Muscle Contraction
1.Nerve
Impulse Crosses the Neuromuscular Junction
●
2.Acetylcholine
Attaches to the Sarcolemma
●
3.Action
Potential Causes Muscle Contraction
●
4.Muscle
Returns to Normal
5.Nerve Impulse Crosses the Neuromuscular Junction
All skeletal muscle contractions begin with the nervous system.
A nerve impulse (or message) is sent from the nervous system to
the muscle via a neuron (nerve cell).
1.Nerve Impulse Crosses the Neuromuscular Junction
The
nerve impulse reaches the end of the neuron called the axon terminal.
The axon
terminal forms a junction with the sarcolemma of a muscle cell called the Neuromuscular Junction
The axon terminal & the
sarcolemma NEVER TOUCH!
The gap between them is a synapse called the synaptic cleft.
Neuromuscular Junction = Axon Terminal, Synapse, and
Sarcolemma.
The axon terminals release a neurotransmitter across the
synaptic cleft.
A neurotransmitter is a chemical that carries the message of the impulse.
The neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle
contraction is Acetylcholine
(ACh)
Turn To Your Partner
Partner A – Describe the following new vocabulary terms: AXON
TERMINAL, NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION, SYNAPTIC CLEFT, NEUROTRANSMITTER.
Partner B – Describe the first step in muscle contraction.
STEP
2:
Acetylcholine Attaches to the Sarcolemma
2. Acetylcholine Attaches to the Sarcolemma
Acetylcholine
crosses the synaptic cleft & attaches to receptors on the sarcolemma.
Acetylcholine
makes the sarcolemma more permeable to
sodium ions.
Sodium
ions rush into the cell.
The increase of sodium ions in the
cell causes the cell’s charge to change from a negative
(-) charge to a positive (+) charge.
This
change causes a surge of electrical current called an Action Potential.
TURN TO YOUR PARTNER
Partner A – Discuss what is acetylcholine and what does it
cause within the muscle cell?
Partner B – Discuss what happens to the sodium ions around the
cell and why is that important for muscle contraction?
Step 3:.
Action Potential Causes Muscle Contraction
3. Action Potential Causes Muscle Contraction
ACh causes the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release Calcium
ions into the sarcoplasm.
The calcium ions bind to the
regulatory proteins on the thin filaments which allows the myosin to attach to
the actin.
Myosin
attaches to actin and pulls the actin closer to the center of the sarcomere.
ATP is
used by the myosin to pull the actin closer.
Turn To Your Partner
Partner A – Discuss what the role of calcium ions is in the
muscle cell contraction and why they are important?
Partner B – Discuss how the myosin and actin work together to
create a contraction.
Sliding Filament Theory
Process by which myosin heads pull actin towards the center of
the sarcomere
All-Or-None Principle
If a stimulus is strong enough to cause a contraction, the
whole muscle fiber will respond or not all.
TURN TO YOUR PARTNER
Partner A – Explain the All-OR-None Principle
Partner B – Explain the Sliding Filament Theory (SFT)
Step 4:
Muscle Returns to Normal
4. Muscle returns to normal
While the action potential occurs:
acetylcholine is broken down
Calcium
ions are reabsorbed
The
electrical charge in the cell returns to negative
Tell Your Partner
Alternate starting with Partner B the three things that happen
to return the muscle cell back to its normal non-contracted state.
Animation Review
FOLDABLE SUMMARY SHEET
Independent Practice
Questions in your notes
Cartoon of Muscle Contraction- Use Textbook pgs. 160-163 as
reference
Using at least 8 frames you will create a cartoon that depicts
the process of a muscle contraction.
Within your cartoon you need to explain the following:
The 4 Steps of the Muscle Contraction
Neuromuscular Junction
Acetylcholine and its effects
Action Potential and its effects
Sliding Filament Theory
You will also need to use the following vocabulary at least
once each in your cartoon:
Axon Terminal, Neurotransmitter, Sodium Ions, Calcium
Ions, Regulatory Proteins, Permeable
Number each Frame in the top left corner
Exit Ticket
Microscopic Anatomy
Microscopic Anatomy of
the
Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
DO
NOW:
Use the terms below to explain what
each connective tissue of a muscle covers?
Perimysium
Epimysium
Endomysium
Hmm…Striations
What are striations and what gives
striations their patterns?
Today’s
Objective
We are diving into the anatomy of a
single muscle fiber!
I can define and identify the
MICROSCOPIC structure of skeletal muscle
Structure
of a Muscle Fiber
A muscle fiber is a single, long,
cylindrical muscle cell.
Skeletal Muscle Fibers are
Multinucleate.
Sarcolemma
=
Cell Membrane of Muscle Fiber
What is a cell membrane?
Nuclei are pushed aside by long,
ribbon-like organelles called myofibrils.
Multiple myofibrils fill the cytoplasm of the muscle
fiber.
What is the cytoplasm?
Sarcoplasm
=
Cytoplasm of Muscle Fiber
MYOFIBRILS
& SARCOMERES
Myofibrils are divided into chains
of tiny contractile units called sarcomeres.
Within the sarcomeres, myofilaments (contractile proteins) give the
appearance of striations.
Quick
Quiz
What is the name of the cell
membrane of a muscle fiber?
1.Fascicle
2.Myofibril
3.Sarcoplasm
4.Sarcolemma
Quick
Quiz
What is the name of the cytoplasm
of a muscle fiber?
1.Fascicle
2.Myofibril
3.Sarcoplasm
4.Sarcolemma
Quick
Quiz
What are the ribbon-like organelles
that fill the cytoplasm of the muscle fiber?
1.Fascicle
2.Myofibril
3.Sarcoplasm
4.Sarcolemma
FILAMENTS
Thick
Filaments = Dark
Bands =
Made primarily of a protein called Myosin.
Thin
Filaments, = Light Bands =
Made primarily of a protein called Actin.
A –
BANDS & I - BANDS
A-Bands = Dark
¡Composed
of Myosin
¡
¡
I-Bands = Light
¡Composed
of Actin
Turn
To Your Partner
Partner A = Explain Light Bands
Partner B = Explain Dark Bands
1.What type of filaments compose that
band?
2.What is the name for that band (A-
or I- Band)?
Quick
Quiz
What are the tiny contractile units
that make up the myofibrils?
1.Myosin
2.Actin
3.Sarcomere
4.Myofibril
Quick
Quiz
What gives muscle striations the
lighter appearance?
1.Myosin
2.Actin
3.Sarcomere
4.Myofibril
Quick
Quiz
What are thick filaments mostly
composed of?
1.Myosin
2.Actin
3.Sarcomere
4.Myofibril
Z-Lines
H -
Zones
Turn
To Your Partner
Partner A – What is important to
know about the Z-Line?
Partner B – What is important to
know about the H-Zone?
Quick
Quiz
Which filaments are found within
the H-Zone?
1.Myosin
2.Actin
3.Z – Line
4.H – Zone
Quick
Quiz
The length of a sarcomere is from
one ______ to the next ____.
1.Myosin
2.Actin
3.Z – Line
4.H – Zone
Quick
Quiz
Which filament is associated with
the Z-Line?
1.Myosin
2.Actin
3.Z – Line
4.H – Zone
Diagram
Together The Muscle Fiber Structure
Individual
Activity
You will work in your groups to
create your model --- HOWEVER --- you will turn in your own individual work.
Don’t
write on the worksheets
You
Will Need
Toothpicks 3-5
Straws
Colored Pencils/Markers
1. First, we will use our straws.
In class you learned that every muscle is made up of single muscle fibers. Your
straw will represent your muscle fiber in this activity.
2. We will use our toothpicks to
demonstrate the myofibrils. We learned in class that a myofibril is a
ribbon-like organelle that contains contractile units called sarcomeres. Take
about 3 to 5 toothpicks and insert them into your straw.
3. We will identify the contractile
units, myofilaments and other distinguishing structures on our myofibrils.
Remove the myofibrils from your straw piece.
4.
Using different color markers or colored pencils, you will accurately
draw on the myofibrils the following structures: A-Bands, I-Bands, Z-Lines,
H-Zones. USE YOUR NOTES AND DIAGRAM FOR REFERENCE!
5.
Once you have completed your labeling on the myofibrils raise your hand
patiently and have it checked off by Miss Gallina.
6. Finally, once you have been
checked off (or while you are waiting) you may complete the following questions
and the fill in the blank assignment on the bottom and back of this sheet.
Exit
Ticket
1.What
are thick filaments made of?
2.Are
A-Bands the light or dark appearing stripes in the muscle?
3.Z-Lines
are most commonly associated with which myofilament:
Actin or Myosin?
4.Myofibrils
are composed of small contractile units that extend from Z-Line to Z-Line
called _______.
Macroscopic Muscle Anatomy
Macroscopic Anatomy Notes
Structure of the Muscle Tissue
Do
Now: Why don’t
muscles tear apart completely every time we workout strenuously?
Today’s
Objective
SWBAT define and explain the role
of the macroscopic anatomical features of the skeletal muscle:
¡Endomysium
¡Perimysium
¡Fascicle
¡Epimysium
¡Tendon
¡Aponeurosis
Copy
This Diagram Into Your Notes
Structure
of the Muscle Tissue
Muscle Fibers are the cells of muscle tissue.
1000’s
of these fibers are bundled together by connective tissue make a muscle
Connective
Tissue Sheaths
Connective Tissues that wrap the
muscle fibers provide strength and support to the
muscle as a whole
Turn
To Your Partner
Partner A – Discuss what are muscle
fibers and what makes up a muscle.
Partner B – Discuss what purpose
the connective sheaths in the muscle serves.
Endomysium
Endomysium is a connective tissue layer that
covers each individual muscle fiber.
FASCICLE
A bundle of multiple muscle fibers
is called a FASCICLE
Perimysium
Perimysium are the connective tissue layers
that surround a fascicle.
Epimysium
Multiple fascicles are surrounded
by the connective tissue layer called the epimysium.
Raise
The Number of Fingers for the Correct Answer for The Question
Connective tissue that surrounds
each individual muscle fiber?
●
●
1.Endomysium
2.Perimysium
3.Epimysium
4.Fascicle
Raise
The Number of Fingers for the Correct Answer for The Question
A bundle of multiple of muscle
fibers?
1.Endomysium
2.Perimysium
3.Epimysium
4.Fascicle
Raise
The Number of Fingers for the Correct Answer for The Question
Connective tissue that surrounds
each individual Fascicle?
1.Endomysium
2.Perimysium
3.Epimysium
4.Fascicle
Raise
The Number of Fingers for the Correct Answer for The Question
Connective tissue that surrounds
bundles of fascicles?
1.Endomysium
2.Perimysium
3.Epimysium
4.Fascicle
Tendons
& Aponeuroses
Epimysium blend together to form the tendons
or aponeuroses
Tendons
& Aponeuroses
Tendons connect
muscle to bone
Aponeuroses
connect muscle to another muscle or connective tissue.
Turn
To Your Partner
Partner A – Explain what a tendon
is?
Partner B – Explain what an aponeurosis is?
Individual
Activity
You may work with your partner – HOWEVER – each individual will complete
their own work and turn in their own copy of the assignment.
DO
NOT WRITE ON THE WORKSHEET…YOU WILL ANSWER ON YOUR OWN PAPER
After
completing the model, answer the questions on the back of the sheet.
In
Your Groups of 4 Each Person will get enough materials for their entire group:
¡Person 1 –Take One Box/Cup/Jar of
Toothpicks
¡
¡Person 2 –Take One Box of Straws
¡
¡Person 3 –Take one Film Canister
for each person in your group
¡
¡Person 4 –Take one instruction
sheet for each person in your group.
Discussion
of the Activity
1.How does the activity demonstrate
the structure of the muscle?
●
2.What does each separate material
represent?
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)